Appearance
🎉 your bitcoin🥳
"Shepard Stores, Providence, 1903. Martin & Hall was the architectural partnership of Frank W. Martin (March 9, 1863 - February 2, 1917)Technology Review 1917: 299. and George F. Hall (1866-1928).Jordy, William H. and Christopher P. Monkhouse. Buildings on Paper: Rhode Island Architectural Drawings, 1825-1945. 1982. It was based in Providence, Rhode Island. History The firm was founded in February 1893 when the two men, who were both employed by Stone, Carpenter & Willson, decided to leave and open their own practice. They brought some clients with them, resulting in a rift with their former firm. Due to this, both were denied membership to the AIA until the deaths of Alfred Stone and Edmund R. Willson. The firm was dissolved upon Martin's death in 1917. It was continued as Hall's private practice, who ran the office until his death in 1928. Partner biographies Frank Howard Martin was born in Seekonk, Massachusetts in 1863, just across the state line. He attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, before leaving to work in New York City. He trained with several architects, including Richard Morris Hunt in 1886.American Architect and Building News 3 Sept. 1887: 115. In 1888 he opened his own office, but soon relocated to Providence to work for Stone, Carpenter & Willson, where he gained a high level of responsibility.Who's Who in New England. Ed. Alert Nelson Marquis. 1909. He and Hall left in early 1893, and established Martin & Hall of February 1, 1893. He remained a member of the firm until his death in 1917. George Frederic Hall was born in Providence in 1866. He went to work for Stone, Carpenter & Willson in the 1880s. His employers allowed Hall to take private commissions, including a building for the Narragansett Boat Club, of which he was a member, in 1891.Engineering Record 25 April 1891: 352. Along with Martin, he left in early 1893. After Martin's 1917 death, Hall continued in private practice. However, his prominence quickly declined, and he designed no significant buildings until 1927, when he was commissioned to design the William H. Hall Free Library in Cranston.Cranston, Rhode Island: Statewide Historical Preservation Report P-C-1. 1980. During that time he also served as the supervising architect on the Industrial Trust Building. He died in 1928. Major works In Providence, Rhode Island: * Museum of Natural History, Roger Williams Park, Providence, Rhode Island (1893)Engineering Record 30 Sept. 1893: 292. * St. Maria's Home for Working Girls, 125 Governor St., Providence, Rhode Island (1893) - Now apartments.Engineering Record 15 July 1893: 116. * Elbert E. White House, 214 Olney St., Providence, Rhode Island (1894)American Architect and Building News 6 Oct. 1894: 6. * William H. Low, Jr. House, 243 Knight St., Providence, Rhode Island (1894)Woodward, Wm. McKenzie. Providence: A Citywide Survey of Historic Resources. 1986. * St. Francis Xavier Academy, 60 Broad St., Providence, Rhode Island (1894) - Now Xavier Hall of Johnson & Wales University.Engineering Record 16 June 1896: 49. * Champlin Building, 291 Weybosset St., Providence, Rhode Island (1895) - Demolished.Downtown Providence Historic District NRHP Nomination. 1984. * Joseph Banigan House, 500 Angell St., Providence, Rhode Island (1895) - Demolished.American Architect and Building News 30 March 1895: xvi. * Rhode Island Normal School, Promenade St., Providence, Rhode Island (1895) - Demolished.Engineering Record 15 June 1895: ix. * Broad Street Grammar School, Broad & Eddy Sts., Providence, Rhode Island (1896)Engineering Record 23 Nov. 1895: ix. * Classical High School, 124 Pond St., Providence, Rhode Island (1896) - Demolished. * Dalrymple Boathouse, Roger Williams Park, Providence, Rhode Island (1896) * Hope Street High School, 331 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island (1897) - Demolished.Engineering News 17 Dec. 1896: 218. * Nathan B. Barton House, 63 Orchard Ave., Providence, Rhode Island (1897)Historic and Architectural Resources of the East Side, Providence: A Preliminary Report. 1989. * William H. Low Building, 229 Westminster St., Providence, Rhode Island (1897) * Winslow Building, 183 Mathewson St., Providence, Rhode Island (1897)American Architect and Building News 14 Nov. 1896: xv. * Alice Building, 250 Westminster St., Providence, Rhode Island (1898) * Parish House/Rectory for St. Joseph's R. C. Church, 92 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island (1898) * Frank H. Martin House, 43 Orchard Ave., Providence, Rhode Island (1899) - The home of the architect. * George C. Lyon House, 93 Arlington Ave., Providence, Rhode Island (1899) * George F. Hall House, 49 Orchard Ave., Providence, Rhode Island (1899) - The home of the architect. * Webster Memorial Guildhouse (St. Stephen's Episcopal Church), 114 George St., Providence, Rhode Island (1899) * Frederick A. Ballou House, 366 Olney St., Providence, Rhode Island (1900) * Walter L. Preston House, 249 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island (1900) * Central Fire Station, 1 Exchange Ter., Providence, Rhode Island (1901) - Demolished.Annual Report of the Board of Fire Commissioners for 1900. 1901. * Irons & Russel Building, 95 Chestnut St., Providence, Rhode Island (1903) * Shepard Stores, 255 Westminster St./80 Washington St., Providence, Rhode Island (1903) * Receiving Tomb, North Burial Ground, Providence, Rhode Island (1903) * Webster Avenue Grammar School, Webster Ave. & Clarence St., Providence, Rhode Island (1905)Annual Report of the State Board of Education, January, 1906. 1906. * Harkness Building, 46 Aborn St., Providence, Rhode Island (1906) * Branch Avenue Primary School, 425 Branch Ave., Providence, Rhode Island (1909)Engineering Record 12 Dec. 1908: 42c. * Emma K. Jewett House, 259 Wayland Ave., Providence, Rhode Island (1909) * Providence City Hospital, 151 Eaton St., Providence, Rhode Island (1910) - Later renamed Charles V. Chapin Hospital, now part of Providence College. * Edwin A. Smith Building, 1 Fulton St., Providence, Rhode Island (1912) * Kinsley Building, 334 Westminster St., Providence, Rhode Island (1912) * Comfort Stations, Weybosset St. and Kennedy Plaza, Providence, Rhode Island (1913) * Robert J. B. Sullivan House, 350 Wayland Ave., Providence, Rhode Island (1914)"PPS honors 6 houses with Historic Property Markers". http://www.pbn.com/. 2 July 2008. Web. * O'Connor Apartments, 234-242 President Ave., Providence, Rhode Island (1916)American Contractor 3 June 1916: 80. Elsewhere in Rhode Island: * Y. M. C. A. Building, 450 Hope St., Bristol, Rhode Island (1898) - Wallis E. Howe was the architect-in-charge.American Architect and Building News 14 Aug. 1897: xiii. * Squantum Association, 1 Squantum Rd., Riverside, Rhode Island (1899)Jordy, William H. Buildings of Rhode Island. 2004. * Dreadnaught Fire Station, 72 Church St., Bristol, Rhode Island (1900)Historic and Architectural Resources of Bristol, Rhode Island. 1990. * Felseck (William O. Blanding Estate), 26 Wickham Rd., Newport, Rhode Island (1901)Architectural Review Sept. 1902: 203. ** Better known as the estate of William Astor Bristed, Jr., a later owner. * Belton Court (Frederick S. Peck Estate), 27 Middle Hwy., Barrington, Rhode Island (1905)Historic and Architectural Resources of Barrington, Rhode Island. 1993. * Reception Hospital, Rhode Island Hospital for Mental Diseases, Howard, Rhode Island (1910) - Vacant and deteriorating.Annual Report of the Board of State Charities and Corrections, 1911. 1910. * Leander R. Peck High School, 281 County Rd., Barrington, Rhode Island (1916) - Now used as the public library.American Contractor 6 May 1916: 73. * Yellow Patch (Kate R. Richardson Cottage), 115 Central St., Narragansett Pier, Rhode Island (1916)American Contractor 24 June 1916: 70. In Massachusetts: * St. John's Episcopal Church, 80 Lexington St., East Boston, Massachusetts (1897) - Now East Boston APAC Headstart.American Architect and Building News 25 Sept. 1897: iii. * Casino, Capron Park, Attleboro, Massachusetts (1902)"Capron Park - Casino - Refreshment Stand". mhc- macris.net. Massachusetts Historical Commission, n.d. Web. * Kennedy Building, 142 Main St., Brockton, Massachusetts (1916)American Contractor 3 June 1916: 81. Style Stylistically, Martin & Hall were very typical. They were very capable, but not very original. They favored the popular styles of the day: the Colonial and Gothic Revivals. When faced with a major civic commission, they would use an aggrandizing Beaux-Arts design. Their commercial buildings are among their most refined, the Shepard and Smith Buildings in particular. The Smith, especially, used a very sophisticated interpretation of the Chicago School, in the manner of Holabird & Roche. Other than this, the work of Martin & Hall trends toward wooden residences, usually Colonial Revival. Though plain and unremarkable, they add to the essence of the city. Associated Architects *Ambrose J. Murphy (1890-1897) *John F. Hogan (1919-1923) Gallery File:Museum of Natural History - panoramio (2).jpg|Museum of Natural History, Roger Williams Park, Providence, 1893. File:Rhode Island State Normal School from Views of Providence (1900).jpg|Rhode Island Normal School, Providence, 1895. Demolished. File:Dalrymple Boat House Prov.jpg|Dalrymple Boathouse, Roger Williams Park, Providence, 1896. File:Views of Providence (1900) (14774020105).jpg|Hope Street High School, Providence, 1897. Demolished. File:St John's Church, East Boston, MA - April 2011.jpg|St. John Episcopal Church, East Boston, Massachusetts, 1897. File:Squantum from Nun 22 Providence River.jpg|Squantum Association, Riverside, 1899. File:Jewl-District.jpg|Irons & Russell Building, Providence, 1903. File:Shepard Company Building.jpg|Shepard Stores, Providence, 1903. File:Belton Court Barrington RI 2012.jpg|Belton Court, Barrington, 1905. File:Kennedy Plaza.jpg|Waiting Room and Comfort Station (now bus terminal), Kennedy Plaza, Providence, 1913. File:Leander R. Peck School - Barrington, RI - DSC03955.jpg|Leander R. Peck High School, Barrington, 1916. File:Yellow Patch, Narragansett RI.jpg|Yellow Patch, Narragansett Pier, 1916. ReferencesAdditional Links *Central Fire Station Category:Architecture firms based in Rhode Island Category:Companies based in Providence, Rhode Island Category:Design companies established in 1893 Category:Design companies disestablished in 1917 Category:1893 establishments in Rhode Island Category:1917 disestablishments in Rhode Island "
"Crazy Woman Crossing is a historic place on the Bozeman Trail, in Johnson County, Wyoming, United States, about twenty miles southeast of Buffalo. Crazy Woman Crossing was one of three major fords used by travelers across creeks and rivers in this area. It is significant as the site of the Battle of Crazy Woman, a skirmish during Red Cloud's War in 1866. The United States pulled out of this territory after negotiation with the Lakota and allies of the Treaty of Fort Laramie of 1868. In the 1870s, the US attempted to claim some control of the Bozeman Trail, and the number of emigrants increased on this route. In 1878, August Trabing opened a store nearby to serve travelers on the trail, which came to be known as the Trabing Station. His was the first store in Johnson County. Crazy Woman Crossing became known as the place where what became known as Trabing Road crosses Crazy Woman Creek. Bozeman Trail In the spring 1863, John Bozeman and his associates scouted for a direct route from the goldfields at Virginia City, Montana to central Wyoming in order to connect with the Oregon Trail, which was then the major passage in the continental United States to the West Coast. The Bozeman Trail followed many north-south trails which the American Indians had used since prehistoric times to travel through Powder River country. On July 6, 1863, forty-six wagons, eighty-nine men and an unspecified number of women and children crossed the North Platte at Deer Creek (present-day Glenrock, Wyoming) and became the first wagon train to try the new trail. After travelers crossed the North Platte River, the first three major river crossings on the Bozeman Trail were Powder River Crossing, Crazy Woman Crossing, and Clear Creek Crossing (present-day Buffalo, Wyoming). At each water ford, travelers would often camp at least one night, to water their stock, review and renew supplies, and collect themselves. Between 1864 and 1868, the high risk of Lakota and allied attacks resulted in fewer than a thousand people using the Bozeman Trail. One Bozeman Trail emigrant was Ellen Fletcher. She recorded a series of diary and notes which described her experiences on trail during the summer of 1866. She wrote of the Crazy Woman Crossing: > Camped at "Crazy Woman's Fork." It was a beautiful spot near the stream, in > a large grove of trees. The men built large campfires all around the wagons. > It was a pretty sight, the circular correll (corral) of white topped wagons > and tents scattered here and there, the blazing fires shining forth through > the trees, the busy men and women hurrying to and fro, and the quiet moon > looking down over it all. A large tree, bent over like an arch, crowns our > wagon. Crazy Woman Battle The Powder River Expedition (1865) and Red Cloud's War (1866) were United States military actions intended to suppress resistance by the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne and Arapaho in the region and protect travelers on the Bozeman Trail from attacks. On August 11, 1865, General Patrick Edward Connor's troops reached the Powder River Crossing, where they began building Fort Reno. After the Battle of the Tongue River on August 29, 1865, Connor was ordered to return to Salt Lake City. At about the same time, another group of soldiers under Colonel James Sawyer were ordered to build a military road for freighting supplies along the Bozeman Trail. In 1866, a military force under Colonel Henry B. Carrington was ordered to secure the route of the Bozeman Trail. Carrington established Fort Phil Kearny on July 14, initiating a military struggle by the Lakota and their allies in the area known as Red Cloud's War. The Lakota struggled to expel US forces. The Crazy Woman Crossing, a ford across Crazy Woman Creek, was one of the Indians' favorite spots for attack, as its terrain was amenable to ambush. On July 20, 1866, a group of thirty men and women settlers, led by Lieutenant A. H. Wand, left Fort Reno to travel to Fort Phil Kearny. Lieutenants Napoleon H. Daniels and George H. Templeton rode ahead to look for a suitable campsite at Crazy Woman Crossing. Unable to locate a suitable place, they turned back to join the larger group. Lieutenant Templeton described what happened next: "Lieut. (Daniels) remarked "look there" and spurred his horse up, going way ahead. I looked over my right shoulder but could see nothing, but upon looking over my left, I saw between 50 and 60 Indians mounted and in full chase about 150 yards in the rear. I spurred up old Pegasus, punched his (flank) with my gun and did everything to increase speed, but the horse seemed to me to be moving very slowly. After Mr. Daniels had gone 200 yards he was shot with an arrow through the back and fell off his horse, the saddle turning. I could do nothing to help him and did not expect to get away myself." Templeton, hotly pursued, reached the wagon train, which formed a defensive corral on a bluff overlooking Crazy Woman Creek. The battle continued for several hours, until a cavalry patrol traveling from Fort Phil Kearny to Fort Reno, under Captain George Burroughs' command, relieved the beleaguered party. During the fight, a second soldier, Lance Corporal Terrence Callary, was killed near the corralled wagons. The Americans' total casualties were two killed and several wounded. Red Cloud's War was decisive with U.S. forces withdrawing. Two years later, the United States negotiated the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868, ceding control of some territory to the Lakota and allies. This being the only treaty where the government accepted all terms offered by the Lakota and its allies. The army abandoned the Bozeman Trail, along with three forts in the Powder River country. Trabing Station As a result of the Great Sioux War of 1876, American armed forces reclaimed the Bozeman Trail and established a series of forts (Cantonment Reno, Fort McKinney, and Fort Custer). The Bozeman Trail was developed by the United States as a military road and telegraph route to serve these forts. Within a few years, several stage coach lines were established that hauled freight and passengers along the trail. In 1878, August Trabing established a trading post at the Crazy Woman Crossing. Trabing sold various goods including boots, hats, and liquor to local ranchers and travelers on the Bozeman Trail. In the fall of 1878, the store was robbed three times by a gang of about eight "road agents." Because of these robberies, Trabing moved his store in 1879 from the Crazy Woman Crossing to the Clear Creek Crossing (present day Buffalo, Wyoming). After Trabing left Crazy Woman Crossing, his building was used as a post office for ranchers and stockmen, and a stage station for the stagecoach lines. Local people described the Trabing building as a long, log structure paralleling the road, with three rooms. At the south end of the building were two small log outbuildings, one a schoolhouse, the other a blacksmith shop. To the east was another large log building served as the stable, with several corrals for livestock. According to Post Office records, Trabing City was established as a post office on January 20, 1879, with Abraham M. Baumann as postmaster. The post office was renamed Trabing and Andrew King was named as postmaster on August 26, 1880. The Trabing post office closed on December 13, 1913, and mail service was moved to Buffalo. ReferencesPhoto gallery File:Crazy Woman Battle Monument.jpg|Crazy Woman Battle Monument File:Monuments for Crazy Woman Battle.jpg|Monuments for Crazy Woman Battle File:Site of Crazy Woman Battle.jpg|Site of the Crazy Woman Battle File:Ruins of Trabing Store.jpg|Ruins of Trabing Store Category:Conflict sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Wyoming Category:Geography of Johnson County, Wyoming Category:Battlefields of the wars between the United States and Native Americans Category:National Register of Historic Places in Johnson County, Wyoming Category:Bozeman Trail "
"John Isner successfully defended his title by beating Tomáš Berdych 3–6, 6–4, 7–6(11–9) in the final. Seeds All seeds received a bye into the second round. Draw=FinalsTop half=Section 1Section 2=Bottom half=Section 3Section 4Qualifying=SeedsQualifiersDraw=First QualifierSecond QualifierThird QualifierFourth QualifierReferences *Main Draw * Qualifying Draw Winston-Salem Open - Singles 2012 Singles "