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"The Sand Island Light is a lighthouse located on the northern tip of Sand Island, one of the Apostle Islands, in Lake Superior in Bayfield County, Wisconsin, near the city of Bayfield. The Lighthouse Board chose to use a design that had been used on McGulpin Point Light in 1868; Eagle Harbor Light in 1871; and White River Light in 1875.Terry Pepper, Seeing the Light, Sand Island Light. Currently owned by the National Park Service and part of the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977, part of reference number 77000145. Listed in the Library of Congress Historic American Buildings Survey, WI-313. Attached to the lighthouse is a Norman gothic keepers quarters. History In 1871, the Lighthouse Board asked Congress for funds to construct a lighthouse on Sand Island to both better guide ships toward the Raspberry Island Light and mark the Western edge of the Apostle Islands. However, Congress rejected the request for this and the next six years. In 1880, Congress finally agreed to erect a lighthouse, and sent an engineer to begin planning for the construction of the station. Sand Island Light was built from the same designs as three other lighthouses, but with the local Apostle Islands Brownstone instead of brick. The masons opened a hole for the cellar, and then began building the dwelling, and added the tower in the Western corner of the structure. As the lighthouse neared completion, a fixed white Fourth Order Fresnel lens was placed in the lantern room. An acting keeper was appointed, and the light was first lit on September 25, 1881. The acting keeper, Charles Lederle, was appointed permanent keeper the next year. Eventually, Lederle grew weary of the isolation that came with being the keeper of an island lighthouse and was reappointed the keeper of Two Harbors Light in Minnesota. The first assistant on nearby Outer Island, Emmanuel Luick, was offered the position of keeper at the Sand Island Light, and moved in with his wife Ella during January 1892. In 1901, Luick fell ill, leaving all duties at the lighthouse for Ella. Although she managed to do everything, the incident pointed out the dangers of having a single keeper on Sand Island. The Lighthouse Board authorized the addition of an assistant keeper and on May 22, 1902, Henry Irvine moved onto the island. In October 1903, Irvine was transferred to Devils Island. Luick appointed his wife as his acting assistant keeper, but the following day Edward Derry arrived on the island as the new assistant keeper. On April 30, 1904, Derry resigned, leaving Ella as acting assistant keeper once again. Ten days later, Frederick Hudson arrived on the island to take over as assistant keeper. On May 9, 1905, Ella boarded a steamer for nearby Bayfield and never returned to the island or her husband again. Luick married again, this time to a woman named Oramill, and with her served the Sand Island Light for the next sixteen years. Over the course of that time, Luick went through twelve assistants, with the longest tenure being only two years. By the end of the 1910s, local shipping patterns had changing, and the Sand Island Light became less important. In 1921, the Lighthouse Board automated the tower, and Luick was reassigned to Grand Marais Light in Minnesota. In 1933, the automated light was dismantled, and the Coast Guard constructed a steel tower in front of the lighthouse. The automated light was placed on top until 1985, when the light was placed back in the lighthouse and the tower was removed. Getting there Most of the Apostle Islands light stations may be reached on the Apostle Islands Cruise ServiceApostle Islands Cruise Service. water taxi or by private boat during the summer. During the Annual Apostle Island Lighthouse CelebrationApostle Island Lighthouse Celebration. ferry tour service is available for all the lighthouses. In the tourist season, volunteer park rangers are on many of the islands to greet visitors.Wobser, David, La Pointe Light, boatnerd.com Originally in Great Laker Magazine. See also *Wisconsin lighthouses *Apostle Islands Lighthouses ReferencesFurther reading * Havighurst, Walter (1943) The Long Ships Passing: The Story of the Great Lakes, Macmillan Publishers. * Oleszewski, Wes, Great Lakes Lighthouses, American and Canadian: A Comprehensive Directory/Guide to Great Lakes Lighthouses, (Gwinn, Michigan: Avery Color Studios, Inc., 1998) . * * Wright, Larry and Wright, Patricia, Great Lakes Lighthouses Encyclopedia Hardback (Erin: Boston Mills Press, 2006) . External links USCG archive photo * Aerial photos of Sand Island Light, Marina.com. *Library of Congress Historic American Buildings Survey Survey number HABS WI-313 * * Lighthouse tour preview: September 2005 VIP photo. * Lighthouse friends Sand Island article. * Sand Island Light Station, NPS. * National Park Service, Inventory of Historic Light Stations - Wisconsin, Sand Island Light. * Terry Pepper, Seeing the Light, Sand Island Light. Wobser, David, Sand Island Lights, boatnerd.com. originally in Great Laker Magazine. Category:Lighthouses completed in 1881 Category:Houses completed in 1881 Category:Apostle Islands National Lakeshore Category:Buildings and structures in Bayfield County, Wisconsin Category:Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin Category:Tourist attractions in Bayfield County, Wisconsin Category:National Register of Historic Places in Bayfield County, Wisconsin Category:1881 establishments in Wisconsin "
"Langile Abertzaleen Batzordeak (LAB, Basque for "Nationalist Workers' Committees") is a Basque left-wing nationalist and separatist trade union operating mainly in Spain currently led by Garbiñe Aranburu. It was created in 1974 by Jon Idigoras among others. They are part of the Basque National Liberation Movement, an aggregation of leftist Basque nationalist forces including the illegal paramilitary organization Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) and the illegal parties Batasuna and Segi. It is supported by around 45.000 affiliates.'LAB será un pilar fundamental en los cambios políticos y sociales', Gara, June 17, 2012 The union is legal and it is one of the four major of its kind in the Basque Country. In the last decades it has been working mostly with the other nationalist union, ELA, while both have been opposed often by the Spanish-wide trade unions, UGT and CC.OO., that make up their own bloc. In 2019 it had the 19.1% of the labor delegates in the Basque Autonomous Community, being the second biggest union after the also left-wing and abertzale Basque Workers' Solidarity (ELA)EFE (2019). ELA presume de una representación histórica del 41,6 % en el País Vasco. Diario Vasco.. In Navarre the union has similar results, with a total of 1054 labour delegates, the 16.95% of the total, being the fourth largest union after UGT, ELA and Workers' Commissions.«UGT cierra 2019 como primer sindicato, seguido de CCOO, ELA y LAB, el que más crece». Noticias de Navarra. 11 de febrero de 2020. References Category:Basque politics Category:Trade unions in Spain Category:Trade unions established in 1974 "
"Mallam Nuhu Ribadu mni (born 21 November 1960) is a former Nigerian police officer and politician who was the Chairman of the Petroleum Revenue Task Force and a former Nigerian government anti-corruption official. He was the pioneer Executive Chairman of Nigeria's Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), the government commission tasked with countering corruption and fraud. In April 2009, he became a visiting fellow at the Center for Global Development. He lived in exile until 2010 when he returned to Nigeria and declared his intention to run for President of Nigeria under the platform of the Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN). On Friday, 14 January 2011, Nuhu Ribadu was adopted as the presidential candidate of the ACN. In August 2014, he defected to the ruling party PDP with the intention to run for the Governorship of Adamawa State, North East Nigeria. Education Ribadu studied law at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, Kaduna State from 1980 until 1983, receiving a Bachelor of Laws degree. Following a year at the Nigerian Law School, he was called to Bar in 1984. He also earned a Master of Laws degree from the same university. He is a TED Fellow and a Senior Fellow in St. Antony's College, University of Oxford, UK. Corruption and the EFCC The Nigerian president, Olusegun Obasanjo, appointed him to the chairmanship of the EFCC in 2003 and reappointed him in 2007, as well as promoting him to the position of Assistant Inspector General of Police. The promotion on 9 April 2007, three weeks before newly elected President Umaru Yar'Adua was sworn-in, was later challenged on the basis that it was "illegal, unconstitutional, null and void, and of no legal effect." In December 2007, Mike Okiro, Inspector-General of Police, stated that Ribadu would be removed as EFCC chairman for a one-year training course. Career in law enforcement On 20 October 2006, Nuhu Ribadu told the BBC that over 380 billion dollars had been stolen or wasted by Nigerian governments since independence in 1960. Under Ribadu's administration, the EFCC charged prominent bankers, former State governors, ministers, Senators, high-ranking political party members, commissioners of Police, and advance fee fraud ("419") gang operators. The EFCC issued thousands of indictments and achieved about 270 convictions. One notable case was that of his boss, the then Inspector-General of the Nigerian Police Force, Mr Tafa Balogun, who was convicted, jailed and made to return £150 million under a plea bargain. Ribadu's achievements in the EFCC included the de-listing of Nigeria from the FATF List of Non-Cooperative Countries & Territories, admission into the prestigious Egmont Group and the withdrawal of the US Treasury FINCEN Advisory on Nigeria. They helped make the EFCC the foremost Anti-Corruption Enforcement Agency on the continent, cementing Ribadu's reputation in the world as a respected anti-corruption crusader. Nuhu Ribadu's evidence helped prosecute foreign businesses who offered bribes while doing business in Nigeria. Ribadu has however been accused of double standard and insincerity in his war against corruption. Many observed that Ribadu went after perceived enemies of his boss, Obasanjo, while shielding the friends of the former president. Notable among his critics is radical Lagos lawyer, Fetus Keyamo who described the withdrawal of charges against Ribadu as totally wrong, very insensitive, entirely unwise and ill-advised. So far, none of the accusations of corruption have been substantiated. Several newspapers that have led in the criticism of Ribadu are owned by individuals who were facing corruption charges. Ribadu regularly inspires youths to become the change they seek. At the fourth edition of "Project Mentor-Me" organised by Group of Patriotic Corpers (GPC), a non-profit group in Abuja, he got the audience to take a critical look at their life choices and how it shapes their future. He was supported by Blossom Nnodim who is particularly known for her Social Media for Social Good messages. Bribery and persecution During the course of his duty Ribadu was offered bribes to pervert the course of justice, amongst these was a State governor who offered Ribadu $15 million and a house abroad. Interviewed from Washington D.C. on the BBC's Hardtalk programme, Ribadu said that he took the money and used the bribe as evidence to prosecute the state governor. This claim has however been refuted by the ex-governor who noted that the fact that Ribadu put the money in the CBN is not a proof that he gave the money. Ribadu escaped two assassination attempts in Nigeria before he left the country for the United Kingdom in early 2009. In December 2007, Inspector- General of Police Mike Okiro ordered that Ribadu be temporarily removed from the position of EFCC chairman and ordered him to attend the National Institute of Policy and Strategic Studies (NIPSS) in Kuru, Jos, Plateau State for a mandatory one-year course. The decision was criticised by, among others, Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka, House of Representatives members, and All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP) national chairman Edwin Ume-Ezeoke as politically motivated and/or likely to set back the fight against corruption. On 22 December 2008, as widely predicted, he was dismissed from the Nigerian Police force by the Nigerian Police Service Commission (PSC). He left Nigeria and in April assumed a fellowship at the Center for Global Development."Nuhu Ribadu" Center for Global Development, accessed 22 February 2010 He returned to join the ACN as a presidential aspirant in the 2011 general elections. International awards On 15 April 2008, Nuhu Ribadu received the World Bank's 2008 Jit Gill Memorial Award for Outstanding Public Service, for having led a courageous anti-corruption drive in Nigeria, as Head of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC). On 4 August 2008, the Police Service Commission in Nigeria announced the demotion of Mr. Ribadu from Assistant Inspector-General of Police (AIG) to Deputy Commissioner of Police. Former President Olusegun Obasanjo had promoted Ribadu to AIG weeks before the end of his tenure in office in 2007. On 22 November 2008, his graduation from the NIPSS Kuru, Plateau State was aborted at the last minute. Mallam Nuhu Ribadu, who was initially seated in the hall along with other graduands, was ordered out of the hall allegedly on orders from top administration officials. There were condemnations from all over the world for his treatment. On 8 December 2018, he bagged a global lifetime achievement award on anti-corruption campaign. The award was administered by Qatar-based think-tank, Rule of Law and Anti-corruption Centre (ROLACC) . ReferencesExternal links *Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) website *Official Nuhu Ribadu for President campaign website *There was a misunderstanding with the Nigerian FG Category:Nigerian police officers Category:Law enforcement in Nigeria Category:Ahmadu Bello University alumni Category:1960 births Category:Living people Category:Nigerian Law School alumni Category:Members of the Nigerian National Institute of Policy and Strategic Studies Category:Candidates in the Nigerian general election, 2011 Category:People from Adamawa State "