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"Social security in Sweden is one of the parts of the Swedish welfare system and consists of various social insurances handled by the National Agency for Social Insurance (Swedish; Försäkringskassan), and also welfare given out on a need basis by local municipalities. They are the main conduits for redistribution of approximately 48% of the Swedish GDP in the form of taxed income. Family policy The Swedish family policy has gone through a series of reforms. In the first place, the family policy aimed to encourage Swedish young people to marry and build their families. The whole family policy consists of three parts: parental benefits, child allowance and public daycare. = Parental benefit = Swedish families receive up to 480 days of paid parental leave (16 months), "föräldrapenning", with optional another three months unpaid leave. The policy regulates that each parent must take at least two months of leave, but in reality, some fathers do not take the leave at all; in this case, according to the "use it or lose it" basis, the parental leave time will drop from 16 months to 14 months. Apart from this, fathers receive additional 10 days of leave after the birth of a child. The parental leave can be used separately and partially of a day, but must be used before the child turns to eight years old. Parents are paid around 80 per cent of their pay in the first 390 days, and in the remaining 90 days, they will receive a flat rate of SEK 180 per day, which is also the rate for unemployed parents during the whole parental leave. Parents are entitled to up to 120 days to take care of their sick children every year. There is also a childcare allowance, "vårdbidrag", to enable parents to stay home and care for children with long-term illnesses. The parental leave in Sweden is job protected, which means parents who take the leave have the right to return to the same employer to the same or similar position. Apart from paid leave, parents also receive reimbursement (whole or partial) of hospital care, treatment and transportation related to childbirth. = Child allowance = The child allowance in Sweden started from the General Child Allowance in 1948. Parents in Sweden receive cash benefits to ease the burden of raising children who are under 16 years old, "barnbidrag". Generally, Swedish parents receive a flat rate child allowance of SEK 1050 per month for one child, which is tax-exempt. If the family have more than one child qualified to the child allowance, the family receive SEK 1050 more per child with additional "large family supplement", "flerbarnstillägg". For example, a family with 4 children under 16 will receive SEK 4200 child allowance and SEK 1614 large family supplement per month, totaling SEK 5814 per month. This child allowance is financed by the central government's budget and parents do not need to apply for the allowance, it is paid automatically. Apart from the child allowance, there are other allowances available for families with children. Families with children that pay over SEK 1400 for housing per month will receive a state-rent housing allowance, the level of which is determined by the number of children, the income of the family and the size and rent of the housing. But the income ceiling is set rather high, so that even a family with income well above average is entitled to receive house allowance. For families with disabled children, they will also receive allowance for car, care and hiring personal assistants. = Public day care = Public day care in Sweden are for children under 7 years old. The daycare centers are run by local municipalities under the guidance of central government. Most municipal preschools are open 10~12 hours a day to take care of children whose parents work full-time; there are also nighttime daycare centers for parents who work at night. "After the parents apply for placement at a preschool in the municipality where they live, the child is offered a vacancy based on that municipality's queue and admission rules." The reform in 2007 made the daycare more affordable, EU/EEA citizens only need to pay a reduced fee for a full-time preschool. Apart from public daycare, there are also cooperatives run by parents, private child care facilities and family daycare; minders are hired by local municipalities to take care of children in their house.Ferrarini, Tommy & Duvander, Ann-Zofie & Countries, Nordic. (2009). Swedish Family Policy controversial reform of a success story. However, the public daycare is absolutely the majority. During 1965-1980, the number of child care facilities increased tenfold. Today, over 3/4 of children aged 1~5 go to public supported daycare centers. Housing allowance Families with children, and people below 29 years of age may be eligible to receive a housing allowance, "bostadsbidrag". The amount depends on income, the size of the family, housing costs and house size. At most it is 1,300 SEK. Benefits for ill and disabled Working people are entitled to sick pay when ill. The first 14 days (except the first day off) are paid by the employer, the rest by Försäkringskassan. If an employee's ability to work is permanently reduced, disability payments may be made. If you need time- consuming assistance in your everyday life to be able to work or study due to illness or disability you can obtain disability allowance, "handikappersättning". If you have a substantial and permanent disability where you need assistance with mealtimes, washing, clothing and communicating with others, you can receive an attendance allowance, "assistansersättning", to pay for an assistant. If you have great difficulties in getting about on your own, or in using public transport due to a permanent disability you can obtain an allowance to purchase a car, make alterations to a car, and to take a driving licence. Support for the elderly If you have worked in Sweden and earned a taxable work income, you will be entitled to Swedish old age pension, at the earliest from the age of 61 years. The levels depend on your income and how long you have worked. There is also a guarantee pension which you are entitled to if you have lived for at least three years in Sweden if you have had no or low income. Elderly can also receive housing supplements or maintenance support. The levels of these depend on your needs. Welfare If you have no or low income you can apply for welfare from your local municipality. The municipality will look at your economic situation to determine if you should receive welfare or not. The welfare should be enough to cover things like housing, food, clothing and telephone. References Category:Swedish society Category:Welfare in Sweden "
"is a Japanese singer, musician and a member of the Japanese pop duo PUFFY, along with Ami Onuki. Early life and career She was born in Neyagawa, Osaka, Japan in 1975. She learned that there was a talent search underway in Tokyo. She successfully tried out and was paired with Ami Onuki to form the group PUFFY. Personal life From 1999 to 2002 she was married to singer Takanori Nishikawa (better known by his music alias T.M. Revolution). After the Japanese media accused Yoshimura of having an affair, Nishikawa filed for divorce. Yoshimura remarried a long-time friend and businessman on December 31, 2009. On August 1, 2012, Yoshimura gave birth to a baby boy.PUFFY's Yoshimura Yumi gives birth to her first child However, she and the unnamed businessman divorced on December 31, 2013, their fourth anniversary.PUFFY's Yoshimura Yumi divorces for the 2nd time Between February and April 2003 she lived in Los Angeles, California and went to school to learn the English language. Yumi speaks Japanese, some English, some Spanish and a little French. She also speaks some Hungarian and Portuguese at the beginning of Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi. She has hosted the hit talk show Pa-Pa-Pa-Pa-Puffy alongside Ami Onuki in Japan, which aired from 1999 to 2002. On November 19, 2004, PUFFY's show Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi began airing on Cartoon Network in the United States. She is voiced by Grey DeLisle in her animated form and she herself appears in the show's live action segments. She starred as Dendou-Jitensha in the 2002 film Mohou-han (Copycat Killer). She also starred as Ryoko Tajima in the 2004 film Inu to arukeba: Chirori to Tamura (Walking the Dog) and as Nozomi Akai in the horror film The Neighbor No. 13(Rinjin 13-gô), which was released in 2005. Instruments Yumi can play: *Guitar *Harmonica (Kore ga Watashi no Ikiru Michi) *Piano (2001:a halfway of space odyssey - Watashi no Nozomi) *Timpani (Jet Tour '98 - Ai no Shirushi) *Saxophone (Cosmic*Wonder) Solo songs Yumi has also sung several solo songs: =AmiYumi= *Nagaiki Shitene (I Want You to Live a Long Time) =Solo Solo= *Tennen no Beauty (Natural Beauty) *Kyouki na Futari (Perfect Couple) *Hanabi (Fireworks) *V-A- C-A-T-I-O-N *Sorenarini (Hold Out As Long As You Can) *Ai no Aura (Aura of Love) *Watashi no Nozomi (My Hope) =Jet-CD= *Tetsugaku (Philosophy) =The Hit Parade= *Hi-Teen Boogie (Late-Teens Boogie) =Fever*Fever= *Nannari to Naru Deshou (Anything can become a habit) =Spike= *This is the Song of Sweet Sweet Season When Cherry Garcia Blossoms Bloom =Splurge= *Rakuda no Kuni (Camel Country, Cameland) Solo single On 2 July 1997, each member of PUFFY released their own solo single before their original solo album, Solo Solo was released on the 6 August 1997. =Track listing= #V-A-C-A-T-I-O-N #Kyouki na Futari (Perfect Couple) #V-A-C-A-T-I-O-N (Original Karaoke) #Kyouki na Futari (Original Karaoke) References External links Puffy AmiYumi World Category:1975 births Category:Living people Category:Puffy AmiYumi members Category:Japanese female singers Category:Women guitarists Category:People from Neyagawa, Osaka Category:Sony Music Entertainment Japan artists Category:Musicians from Osaka Prefecture Category:21st-century Japanese women singers Category:21st-century Japanese singers Category:21st- century women guitarists "
"Daniel de Bourg is an English singer, songwriter, dancer, actor and model. Early life and influences Originally from Chelmsford, Essex, England, Daniel de Bourg was influenced by the videos of Michael Jackson to pursue dance at the age of four. By the time that de Bourg was eleven, he had been admitted to study at the exclusive Royal Ballet School, graduating top of his class with his final solo performance. Although dance was his primary interest, as a teen he was also fronting bands. He left school when given the opportunity to dance for the Rambert Dance Company, performing as a featured dancer all over the world. It was at the suggestion of a friend that heard him singing that de Bourg found himself in the position for a career in music.Demalon, Tom. Biography: Daniel Debourg "AllMusic.com". Accessed 16 September 2013. Music career Influenced by artists such as Prince and Stevie Wonder, de Bourg did not take to a singing career straight away. Dedicated to dance, de Bourg's early interest in singing was rediscovered after a knee injury caused some time out from his dance career.Ray, Ian. (15 November 2007) Interview: Daniel DeBourg Peterborough Evening Telegraph. Accessed 4 January 2012. de Bourg turned his hand to songwriting; recorded by songstress Jamelia in 2000, his song "Money" reached number 5 on the UK Singles Chart., p.265 Remembering de Bourg's musical talents, he was encouraged by a friend to create several demos of his own singing. These attracted the interest of DreamWorks scout Robbie Robertson. de Bourg was introduced to then in house producers Tim & Bob and subsequently signed to the label and the duo produced his debut album, Tell the World. The high- production album, released in 2002, launched the single "I Need an Angel", which hit number 30 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart. In 2007, de Bourg auditioned for the fourth series of The X Factor and reached the final twelve acts to sing in the live rounds of the competition. He was mentored by Louis Walsh, but was eliminated by the judges on 27 October 2007 after Simon Cowell prevented a 'deadlock' and cast the deciding vote. The official count of votes, published some time after the show had finished, revealed de Bourg received the most votes on week 1 and was 100,000 votes ahead of the contestant that he faced in the sing-off before he left the show. In 2008, UK artist DJ Ironik presented de Bourg on his album, No Point In Wasting Tears. In 2010, The DDB Mixtape Vol. 1: The Prelude, a mixture of de Bourg's most popular covers and original material, received a nomination for 'Best R&B; Mixtape 2010' and went on to win the award at The Official Mixtape Awards in early 2011. He went on to win the same accolade another two years in a row with 'The DDB Mixtape Vol. 2 : The Bridge' in 2011 and 'Outro' in 2012. In 2013, Daniel released his album, London Bread. featuring production from Drake and Lil Wayne hit maker, Boi-1da. The album hit the top 20 on iTunes in 21 countries in its first week of release. Acting career In 2015, de Bourg signed with TV, film and stage agent Keddie Scott in London, and was cast in the Broadway transfer of Disney's Aladdin that opens at the Prince Edward Theatre in the West End in London, in 2016. Discography =Studio albums= * 2002: Tell the World * 2013: London Bread * 2014: "X-Play Pt. One" * 2015: "X-Play Pt. Two" =Mixtapes= * 2010: The DDB Mixtape Volume 1 - The Prelude * 2011: The DDB Mixtape Volume 2 - The Bridge * 2012: The DDB Mixtape Volume 3 - Outro * 2013: Overdrive References External links Category:People educated at the Royal Ballet School Category:English male singers Category:English pop singers Category:English record producers Category:English singer-songwriters Category:English male singer-songwriters Category:Living people Category:People from Chelmsford Category:The X Factor (British TV series) contestants Category:English people of Belgian descent Category:English soul singers Category:Year of birth missing (living people) "