❤️ The Rugburns 🐌

"The Rugburns are an American rock band from San Diego, California, United States. Origins They originally formed as a duo by Steve Poltz, Robert Driscoll. This evolved into a quartet (1993-1996) featuring Steve Poltz, "Dr." Robert Driscoll, drummer Stinky and bassist Gregory Page. Which evolved into a trio (1997–Present) featuring Steve Poltz, drummer Stinky and bassist John Castro. History The Rugburns group (not to be confused with the Los Angeles area Rugburns 1986–1989) formed and began playing in the local San Diego, CA area as a duo. In the beginning, Steve Poltz and Robert Driscoll were acoustic duo playing in various coffeehouses and bars including the Blarney Stone Pub, the Mission Beach Club, Innerchange Coffee House, Megalopolis, and Java Joe's. They would sometimes be joined by Gerald "Child" McMullin making them a temporary acoustic power trio. The group released several self-produced cassette tapes in this band formation and were becoming a huge local draw and favorite in San Diego. Debut album, Morning Wood - 1994 After the group signed a contract with Bizarre/Planet Records in 1993 (a label associated with Herb Cohen, who had earlier managed Linda Ronstadt, Tom Waits and Frank Zappa). The duo wanted to add a rhythm section for a full, 'radio friendly' sound. It was then, the duo permanently changed to a foursome with bassist singer/songwriter Gregory Page and drummer Stinky. The quartet released their debut album Morning Wood which was produced by Buddy Blue (of The Beat Farmers), in early 1994. With funny, witty and sometimes bizarre lyrics, the band began to experience their first taste of national exposure; playing a sold out show at world- famous Cleveland Agora Theater and Ballroom. The songs "Hitchhiker Joe" and "Me and Eddie Vedder" would go on to be the most recognizable tracks on the album. The song "Hitchhiker Joe" (written by Steve Poltz and Steve Foth of the San Diego Band C.L.A.) received a large amount of national airplay and held the No. 1 slot on the nightly "Top 10" for several weeks on San Diego station 91X in early 1994. The video for "Hitchhiker Joe" was filmed at a local San Diego high school, and was directed by Michael Addis, who went on to direct several feature films. Poltz's girlfriend at the time was singer-songwriter Jewel, and she also appeared in the video. "Me and Eddie Vedder" is a strident introspection on the preposterous possibilities of overdosing in a hotel room alongside Eddie Vedder. The experience concludes with Vedder and Poltz overdosing while an 8-track player is blaring the Houses of the Holy album. EP "Mommy I'm Sorry" - 1995 In early 1995, the band released an EP called "Mommy I'm Sorry," which included the song "Dick's Automotive," which is a favorite at The Rugburns shows. After "Weird Al" Yankovic saw one of the band's sold out performances at the Hollywood Troubadour, he met the band and soon after wrote a similar song, "Albuquerque". The album also contains a cover of the theme song of the children's television series Sesame Street. Second album; Taking the World By Donkey - 1995 In 1995, the band signed a deal with Priority Records. The Rugburns released their second full-length album in late 1995, Taking the World By Donkey, which again featured a generous helping of acoustic guitars spiked with edgy lyrics. The humor and cutting wit was still in the songwriting but there was an addition of a few darker themes. "The Ballad of Tommy and Marla" tells the sad tale of a couple that becomes hooked on crystal meth and eventually have their entire lives destroyed by their drug abuse, but in an endearing and fun manner. After the band's back to back touring of the entire United States, Gregory Page left the band to pursue a solo career and was replaced with John Castro. Soon after Page had departed, Driscoll left the band because of tour related health issues but recovered well and returned to teaching high school, his first profession. The band was to be known from then on as a trio: Steve Poltz, John Castro and Stinky. The Rugburns were now achieving their biggest national fame. The national fame was in part because of radio play and the constant touring year to year. A serious boost came when the Jewel Kilcher fans, known as Everyday Angels began to follow the group and post about them on the Everyday Angels internet chat group. For several years, Steve Poltz and Jewel had been together romantically. Poltz "co-wrote" her biggest hit, "You Were Meant for Me" and also appeared the video for the song. On Jewel's "Tiny Lights" tour, the Rugburns were the opening act and her backing band. Steve Poltz solo It was at this time that Poltz was trying to create a solo career alongside the Rugburns. Poltz then released two solo albums on the Mercury label: One Left Shoe (1997) and Conversations Over a Cerveza (1998). Then after being dropped from Mercury, Poltz self-released several other albums: Answering Machine (1999), Live at Largo (2000), Live at the Basement DVD (2003), Chinese Vacation (2003), The Barn (2007), Tales from the Tavern CD/DVD (2007), Unraveling (2008), Traveling (2008) and Dreamhouse (2010). Currently Steve Poltz, Rob Driscoll, Stinky, Gregory Page and John Castro still perform as The Rugburns. *Songwriter: Steve Poltz tours solo, with the Rugburns and with various other musicians. *Bass: Gregory Page has a critically acclaimed solo career releasing many albums. *Guitarist: Rob Driscoll Still Teaches High School and plays with the Rugburns when he can. *Drummer: Stinky records/tours with groups big and small releasing many albums. *Bass: John Castro has released many albums with Pretendo, Morricone Youth and many others. Members *Steve Poltz - Vocals & Guitar *Robert Driscoll - Guitar *Gregory Page - Bass *John Castro - Bass *Jeff Aafedt - Drums Discography The Rugburns *1989: Polyester Angst (Indie Cassette Release) *1990: Yo Baby Dolls!! Chill Your Minds (Indie Cassette Release) *1991: Lick Her Shoes (Indie Cassette Release) *1992: The Real World (indie Cassette Release) *1994: Morning Wood (Bizarre/Planet Records) *1995: Mommy I'm Sorry EP (Bizarre/Planet Records) *1995: Taking the World By Donkey (Priority Records) Steve Poltz - Solo *1997 "One Left Shoe" (Mercury Records) *1998 "Conversations Over a Cerveza" (Mercury Records) *2012 "Noineen Noiny Noin"(Arrival Records) *2019 "Shine On"(Red House Records) Steve Poltz - Solo • independently released albums *1997 "Answering Machine"(Independent Release) *1998 "Live at Largo"(Independent Release) *2003 "Chinese Vacation"(Independent Release) *2007 "The Barn"(Independent Release) *2008 "Tales from the Tavern"(Independent Release) *2008 "Unraveling"(Independent Release) *2008 "Traveling"(Independent Release) *2010 "Dreamhouse"(Independent Release) *2014 "The Accident"(Independent Release) *2016 "Folksinger"(Independent Release) Videography Steve Poltz - Solo *1998 "Live at the Basement" DVD(Independent Release) *1998 "Tales from the Tavern" DVD(Independent Release) ReferencesExternal links *Steve Poltz official web site *Gregory Page official web site *The Rugburns collection at the Internet Archive's live music archive Category:Alternative rock groups from California Category:Musical groups from San Diego Category:Cowpunk musical groups "

❤️ Electronic filter 🐌

"Television signal splitter consisting of a high-pass filter (left) and a low- pass filter (right). The antenna is connected to the screw terminals to the left of center. Electronic filters are a type of signal processing filter in the form of electrical circuits. This article covers those filters consisting of lumped electronic components, as opposed to distributed-element filters. That is, using components and interconnections that, in analysis, can be considered to exist at a single point. These components can be in discrete packages or part of an integrated circuit. Electronic filters remove unwanted frequency components from the applied signal, enhance wanted ones, or both. They can be: *passive or active *analog or digital *high-pass, low-pass, band- pass, band-stop (band-rejection; notch), or all-pass. *discrete-time (sampled) or continuous-time *linear or non-linear *infinite impulse response (IIR type) or finite impulse response (FIR type) The most common types of electronic filters are linear filters, regardless of other aspects of their design. See the article on linear filters for details on their design and analysis. History The oldest forms of electronic filters are passive analog linear filters, constructed using only resistors and capacitors or resistors and inductors. These are known as RC and RL single-pole filters respectively. However, these simple filters have very limited uses. Multipole LC filters provide greater control of response form, bandwidth and transition bands. The first of these filters was the constant k filter, invented by George Campbell in 1910. Campbell's filter was a ladder network based on transmission line theory. Together with improved filters by Otto Zobel and others, these filters are known as image parameter filters. A major step forward was taken by Wilhelm Cauer who founded the field of network synthesis around the time of World War II. Cauer's theory allowed filters to be constructed that precisely followed some prescribed frequency function. Classification by technology =Passive filters Passive implementations of linear filters are based on combinations of resistors (R), inductors (L) and capacitors (C). These types are collectively known as passive filters, because they do not depend upon an external power supply and they do not contain active components such as transistors. Inductors block high-frequency signals and conduct low- frequency signals, while capacitors do the reverse. A filter in which the signal passes through an inductor, or in which a capacitor provides a path to ground, presents less attenuation to low-frequency signals than high-frequency signals and is therefore a low-pass filter. If the signal passes through a capacitor, or has a path to ground through an inductor, then the filter presents less attenuation to high-frequency signals than low-frequency signals and therefore is a high-pass filter. Resistors on their own have no frequency- selective properties, but are added to inductors and capacitors to determine the time-constants of the circuit, and therefore the frequencies to which it responds. The inductors and capacitors are the reactive elements of the filter. The number of elements determines the order of the filter. In this context, an LC tuned circuit being used in a band-pass or band-stop filter is considered a single element even though it consists of two components. At high frequencies (above about 100 megahertz), sometimes the inductors consist of single loops or strips of sheet metal, and the capacitors consist of adjacent strips of metal. These inductive or capacitive pieces of metal are called stubs. =Single element types= A low-pass electronic filter realised by an RC circuit The simplest passive filters, RC and RL filters, include only one reactive element, except hybrid LC filter which is characterized by inductance and capacitance integrated in one element.Dzhankhotov V., Hybrid LC filter for power electronic drives: Theory and Implementation, 2009 = L filter = An L filter consists of two reactive elements, one in series and one in parallel. = T and π filters = Low-pass π filter High-pass T filter Three-element filters can have a 'T' or 'π' topology and in either geometries, a low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, or band-stop characteristic is possible. The components can be chosen symmetric or not, depending on the required frequency characteristics. The high-pass T filter in the illustration, has a very low impedance at high frequencies, and a very high impedance at low frequencies. That means that it can be inserted in a transmission line, resulting in the high frequencies being passed and low frequencies being reflected. Likewise, for the illustrated low-pass π filter, the circuit can be connected to a transmission line, transmitting low frequencies and reflecting high frequencies. Using m-derived filter sections with correct termination impedances, the input impedance can be reasonably constant in the pass band.The American Radio Relay League, Inc.: "The ARRL Handbook, 1968" page 50 =Multiple-element types= Multiple-element filters are usually constructed as a ladder network. These can be seen as a continuation of the L,T and π designs of filters. More elements are needed when it is desired to improve some parameter of the filter such as stop-band rejection or slope of transition from pass-band to stop-band. Active filters Active filters are implemented using a combination of passive and active (amplifying) components, and require an outside power source. Operational amplifiers are frequently used in active filter designs. These can have high Q factor, and can achieve resonance without the use of inductors. However, their upper frequency limit is limited by the bandwidth of the amplifiers. Other filter technologies There are many filter technologies other than lumped component electronics. These include digital filters, crystal filters, mechanical filters, surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters, bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filters, garnet filters, and atomic filters (used in atomic clocks). The transfer function :see also Filter (signal processing) for further analysis The transfer function H(s) of a filter is the ratio of the output signal Y(s) to that of the input signal X(s) as a function of the complex frequency s: :H(s)=\frac{Y(s)}{X(s)}. The transfer function of all linear time-invariant filters, when constructed of lumped components (as opposed to distributed components such as transmission lines), will be the ratio of two polynomials in s, i.e. a rational function of \ s. The order of the transfer function will be the highest power of \ s encountered in either the numerator or the denominator. Classification by topology Electronic filters can be classified by the technology used to implement them. Filters using passive filter and active filter technology can be further classified by the particular electronic filter topology used to implement them. Any given filter transfer function may be implemented in any electronic filter topology. Some common circuit topologies are: * Cauer topology – passive * Sallen–Key topology – active * Multiple feedback topology – active * State variable topology – active * Biquadratic topology – active Classification by design methodology Historically, linear analog filter design has evolved through three major approaches. The oldest designs are simple circuits where the main design criterion was the Q factor of the circuit. This reflected the radio receiver application of filtering as Q was a measure of the frequency selectivity of a tuning circuit. From the 1920s filters began to be designed from the image point of view, mostly being driven by the requirements of telecommunications. After World War II the dominant methodology was network synthesis. The higher mathematics used originally required extensive tables of polynomial coefficient values to be published but modern computer resources have made that unnecessary.Bray, J, Innovation and the Communications Revolution, Institute of Electrical Engineers Direct circuit analysis Low order filters can be designed by directly applying basic circuit laws such as Kirchhoff's laws to obtain the transfer function. This kind of analysis is usually only carried out for simple filters of 1st or 2nd order. RL filter frequency response Image impedance analysis : This approach analyses the filter sections from the point of view of the filter being in an infinite chain of identical sections. It has the advantages of simplicity of approach and the ability to easily extend to higher orders. It has the disadvantage that accuracy of predicted responses relies on filter terminations in the image impedance, which is usually not the case.Matthaei, Young, Jones Microwave Filters, Impedance-Matching Networks, and Coupling Structures McGraw-Hill 1964 Constant k filter response with 5 elements Zobel network (constant R) filter, 5 sections m-derived filter response, m=0.5, 2 elements m-derived filter response, m=0.5, 5 elements Network synthesis : The network synthesis approach starts with a required transfer function and then expresses that as a polynomial equation of the input impedance of the filter. The actual element values of the filter are obtained by continued-fraction or partial-fraction expansions of this polynomial. Unlike the image method, there is no need for impedance matching networks at the terminations as the effects of the terminating resistors are included in the analysis from the start. Here is an image comparing Butterworth, Chebyshev, and elliptic filters. The filters in this illustration are all fifth-order low-pass filters. The particular implementation – analog or digital, passive or active – makes no difference; their output would be the same. center As is clear from the image, elliptic filters are sharper than all the others, but they show ripples on the whole bandwidth. See also *Analog filter *Audio crossover *Audio filter *Cascaded integrator-comb filter *Comb filter *DSL filter *Nyquist filter *RF and microwave filter *Switched-capacitor filter *Tone control circuits *Voltage-controlled filter Notes and references :* Catalog of passive filter types and component values. The Bible for practical electronic filter design. :* External links :*National Semiconductor AN-779 (TI SNOA224a) application note describing analog filter theory :*Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering and Electronics – Detailed explanation of all types of filters :*BAW filters (in French; PDF) :*Some Interesting Filter Design Configurations & Transformations :*Analog Filters for Data Conversion Category:Electronic circuits "

❤️ Equinox (1993 video game) 🐌

"Equinox, known in Japan as , is an isometric 3D action-puzzle-hybrid video game developed by Software Creations and published by Sony Imagesoft and Sony Computer Entertainment for the Super NES in 1994. It is the sequel to Solstice: The Quest for the Staff of Demnos, a 1990 Nintendo Entertainment System game. Gameplay Equinox gameplay screenshot The protagonist Glendaal moves from room to room looking for ‘tokens’ (blue orbs), twelve of which must be collected and brought to a boss area where they enable the ‘summoning’ of one of the game's boss characters. Each of these must be defeated to enable progress to the next area. To aid the player in their quest, one projectile weapon and one magic scroll is hidden on each level for Glendaal to find. Most levels contain a number of entrances which are accessed from an over-world map, home to a sparse collection of wandering monsters. There are eight levels ("worlds") in the game, each of them with its own weapon, spell and boss (called a Guardian) as well as tricky platform-jumping and block-sliding puzzles. Plot Shadax, the wizard hero of Solstice, has been captured and imprisoned by his treacherous apprentice, the sorceress Sonia, in her Ice Palace. Sonia's army of monsters and demons then overrun the seven kingdoms of the world. It is now up to his young son Glendaal, the only man with the magical powers strong enough to defeat the evil empress, to journey to rescue Shadax from her icy fortress in Death Island and put an end to her reign.Equinox manual at celephais.net. If Glendaal manages to reach and destroy Sonia, he finds his barely alive father in a tiny chamber concealed behind the witch's throne. Reception On release, Famicom Tsūshin scored Equinox a 29 out of 40.NEW GAMES CROSS REVIEW: ソルスティスII. Weekly Famicom Tsūshin. No.257. Pg.38. 12–19 November 1993. Dragon gave the game 3 out of 5 stars and Electronic Gaming Monthly gave it a 7.6 out of 10, calling it "a good action/adventure game with one major problem: The perspective is very disorienting." Gamefan Magazine was far more positive, reviewing it twice and giving the import version 90% and 96%. Equinox was awarded for having the Best Ad of 1994 by Electronic Gaming Monthly. ReferencesExternal links * Category:1993 video games Category:Action-adventure games Category:Fantasy video games Category:Epic/Sony Records games Category:Single-player video games Category:Software Creations games Category:Super Nintendo Entertainment System games Category:Super Nintendo Entertainment System-only games Category:Video game sequels Category:Video games scored by Tim Follin Category:Video games developed in the United Kingdom Category:Video games featuring female antagonists Category:Video games with isometric graphics Category:Video games about witchcraft "